CMD Cheat Sheet

Basics

• cd\ is windows cd ..
• dir → lists the contents of the current directory
• dir /A → WIll show all contents even the hidden ones
• type file.txt → shows the contents of the file
• When working with a file with spaces in the name you have to put the file in double quotes
• type "cats are great.txt"
• echo "Meow" > cat.txt → This will use echo to create a file named cat.txt and add “Meow” to it
• echo Meow > cat.txt → Will create a file with Meow in it
• 2> will pipe an error if it happens
• del → deletes a file
• rename → Self explanatory - rename cat.txt kitten.txt → renames cat.txt to kitten.txt
• move → Moves files - move cat.txt Desktop\ → Moves the cat.txt to desktop
• copy → copies a file
• mkdir → makes a directory
• rmdir → removes a directory - rmdir /s → Allows you to remove a directory and all the files and directories inside it
• > → operator overwrites a file
• >> → operator appends
• fc → Compares files
  • fc meow.txt cat.txt → Will compare the two files and state the difference

Locating Files

• dir /s meow.txt → This will search the current directory and all of its sub directories for Meow.txt
• dir /s *.exe → The wildcard will allow us to search the current and all sub directories for all executables
• dir /s *.txt /p → Does similar to the one above but the /p switch makes the query stop when it fills the screen
• tree → Will create a tree showing us all sub directories in a more digestable view.
• tree Directory\SubDirectory /F → This will show the tree starting at SubDirectory the /F switch allows us to see all the files in the directories (maybe all might just be interesting)

Searching Text in Files

• find "persian" C:\Docs\cats.txt → will look for the string “persian” in the cats.txt file
  • You can pipe find ie |
  • Find does not support Regex
• findstr "Alan Pasta" text.txt → this will search for all occurrences of either Alan or Pasta inside of the txt doc
• more → allows us to look at big outputs in a more user friendly method by allowing us to use arrowing to paginate through the output.

Permissions - Users and Groups

net → allows us to manage users and groups - net user → Lists all users on the current machine - net user <USERNAME> → Will list all details of the account to the username given. - net localgroup → shows all the local groups for the machine - net localgroup Administrators → shows us all the users tied to the Administrator group - net user /add Catman thiswouldbeapassword → Allows you to add a user - NOTE you have to do this running CMD as Administrator - net localgroup Administrators Catman /add → Adds Catman to the administrators group - NOTE you have to do this running CMD as Administrator - net localgroup Administrators Catman /del → Removes Catman from Administrators group - NOTE you have to do this running CMD as Administrator - net user /del Catman → Deletes the user Catman - NOTE you have to do this running CMD as Administrator

Permissions - Files and Directories

• icacls → allows you to view and interact with permissions
  • icacls cat.txt → Will show us the ACE’s of the file
  • icacls "cat.txt" /grant Catman:R → Grants Catman read only access to cat.txt
  • icacls "cat.txt" /deny Catman:R → Removes the read only access to cat.txt for Catman.